Thursday, August 27, 2020
Obama and Clinton Health Care Reform Free Essays
A few contrasts between the two presidentââ¬â¢s end protection change strategies are no administration inclusion, how to pay for the change, alphabetic change, and there was a quicker exertion to get the bill from President Obama passed where President Siliconââ¬â¢s bill assumed control longer than a year simply drafting the bill. Steps to making strategy Recognizing the issue The administration can't keep numerous issues from occurring however they can help by perceiving the issues that follow a particular issue and make laws to support residents. Setting a plan The plan will rely upon the issue and the gatherings perceiving the issue. We will compose a custom paper test on Obama and Clinton Health Care Reform or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now When unique interests gatherings, the media, and ideological groups begin embracing to an issue then the plan is set for what should be managed. Detailing This stage happens when all the gatherings carry their plans to the table and choices are made about what thoughts will push ahead. Receiving Once the thoughts that are picked are settled the strategy can be embraced and a law can be passed. The law must be sign by the president or can happen when the Supreme Court makes a decision on case. Actualizing Public strategies can be executed by managerial organizations in the official branch. Execution can be through tax reductions, some type Of enmeshment through fines or limitations, or by speaking to peopleââ¬â¢s constructive impulses to be useful and carry out their responsibility as a resident. Assessment Policies are consistently assessed for changes that should be made. Succeed or F-afflict President Obama prevail from the mix-ups and past blunders made by President Clinton. President Clinton fizzled. Partners The partners in the endeavors at medicinal services change are the customers, the insurance agencies, and the social insurance industry all in all, officials, President Clinton and President Obama. Step by step instructions to refer to Obama and Clinton Health Care Reform, Papers
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Learning About the AP Language Essay Samples
Learning About the AP Language Essay SamplesMost of the AP Language essay samples that you will find online are meant for the learners. They are in a sense broken down into simpler terms. Some of them may be specifically meant for the teachers and students, while some of them may be intended for the general people who like to enjoy the interesting lessons and learning of the language.The AP Language essay samples are intended for both the teachers and the students. They are meant to help the students in acquiring some knowledge about the basics and fundamentals of the language. They are also meant to teach the students about the useful things that they can do in order to learn the language easily.As we all know, the learners are the typical individuals who are seeking for ways to read and write more proficiently. However, they are not able to understand clearly and effectively because of the amount of misconceptions they have about the language. When it comes to language application, they find it difficult to master and it takes them a long time to do so. The reason for this is the inability of the learners to read and write properly in the language.The AP Language essay samples that you will find online are ideal tools that can help the learners in mastering the basics and getting in touch with the language fundamentals. The essays that are intended for teachers and students are also given in such a way that they can give a clear insight about the basic rules of the language and its application. This way, the students will also get in touch with the changes and the advancements in the language that are becoming more popular today.If you want to know more about the AP Language essay samples then you should consider the 'How to Use' essay. This is meant for both the teachers and the students. The main purpose of this essay is to prepare the teachers and students for the class and all of their future assignments.You will find that these AP Language essay samples are filled with exercises, problems and activities that the teachers can use for the students. They will be able to improve their grammar, reading and writing skills in the language. This means that they will be able to get in touch with the popular stories, novels and poems in the language.The AP Language essay samples are also meant for the nerds. They are meant to train the nerds to use the language properly and understand it better. The language is used by the more experienced and the professional people today. They must learn the language to avoid misunderstandings when communicating with other people.If you are looking for more information about the AP Language essay samples then you should look for the resources online. There are some websites that have already written the essays, as well as providing the resources for the students to study and use the language in the best way possible. You should give these samples a chance as they are designed in a way that the language is able to teach and impress a lot of people.
Friday, August 21, 2020
Gene Therapy and Cancer :: Genetics Science Technology Medical Essays
Quality Therapy and Cancer In 1997, an expected 1.38 million Americans will be recently determined to have disease (Blaese, 1997). The medications accessible just fix half of them. Numerous new methodologies, incorporating quality treatment are in formative stages for treating malignancy. About portion of all quality treatment preliminaries at present under path manage malignancy and specialists accept some of these applications will be being used inside the following three to five years (Lyon, 1997). Malignant growth is viewed as a hereditary issue. Studies have distinguished few qualities that must be changed to achieve improvement of disease or keep up the development of dangerous cells (Klug, 1996). Two fundamental properties of malignancy are wild cell division and the capacity to spread or metastasize. Both are consequences of hereditary changes. Transformations in the cells that lead to specific types of malignant growth, can be recognized as acquired in certain families. By and large, notwithstanding, it is hard to recognize a straightforward example of legacy. There are two different ways to direct cell division. One path is with tumor silencer qualities, which for the most part capacity to inactivate or quell cell division. These qualities or their items or both, must be inactivated inconsistently for cell division of occur. In the event that they are forever inactivated or lost through transformation, uncontrolled cell division happens. Another way cell division is directed is by proto-oncogenes, which for the most part advances cell division too. These qualities can be in an on or off mode and when in the on mode, cell division is advanced. At the point when the qualities or their items or both are inactivated, cell division is halted. On the off chance that they are for all time exchanged on, cell guideline is halted and tumor arrangement starts. Oncogenes are the freak type of proto-oncogenes. A case of a change of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene is the p53 quality, which encodes an atomic protein that goes about as an interpretation factor. The p53 quality is typically a tumor silencer quality that controls section of the phone starting with one period of mitosis then onto the next. The transformations in p53 quality are assessed to be related with over portion everything being equal. The most pervasive reason for death in malignant growth patients is metastasis, where disease cells isolate from the first tumor site and settle somewhere else in the body, to develop and separate creating another tumor. There are two sorts of tumors, kindhearted and threatening. Kindhearted tumors can be evacuated and for the most part don't return.
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Lying, By Jeremy Bentham - 1613 Words
I am going to argue why lying is immoral no matter who you might be lying to, friends, family, and even someone you do not know. This is immoral because even though lying to someone may bring relief or happiness itââ¬â¢s still hiding the truth from that person. Hiding something they deserve to know even though it may hurt them may also be a form of lying. There are many situations where lying may end friendships, relationships, or even tare families apart because most people want to know the truth no matter how harsh, because eventually the truth may come out. In addition to hiding information, there are also other forms of lying. Telling someone false information as well as withholding information are forms of lying. The worst part about telling a lie is that the more you do it the more comfortable one may become. Lying becomes a habit to many people, a habit they have a hard time breaking. Lying can simply be defined in one word, deception. Jeremy Bentham who is a British philo sopher in the 1700ââ¬â¢s and early 1800ââ¬â¢s believed in the principle of utility otherwise known as utilitarianism. Jeremy Bentham thinks itââ¬â¢s permissible to tell a small lie because in the long run Bentham is looking for the ultimate amount of happiness. Bentham believes in the greatest happiness for the greatest number. As long as an act brings more happiness than disappointment then that act is moral. One situation may be three friends found out something that their other friend does not know but canShow MoreRelatedThe And Critique Of The Theory Of Utilitarianism1706 Words à |à 7 Pagesthis paper I am going to argue that telling a small lie that would cause no great harm to a friend in order to spare their feelings is an acceptable thing to do. I am going to examine this issue through the perspective of important philosophers Jeremy Bentham(Utilitarian), then through Immanuel Kant(Deontology). After talking about this issue through both of their perspectives, I will argue which person has a more defensible belief. Then I will talk about and critique Kantââ¬â¢s belief to tell the truthRead MoreEssay about Utilitarianism: The Greatest Happiness Principle528 Words à |à 3 PagesUtilitarianism was first brought up along the nourishing of ââ¬Å"The Greatest Happiness Principleâ⬠introduced by Jeremy Bentham and further developed by John Stuart Mill, who was a follower of Bentham (Sweet, 2013). Based upon its principle, Utilitarianism states that to be good is to generate the greatest possible amount of happiness for the greatest number. In contrast with rational egoism, Utilitarianism focuses more on maximizing the overall net happiness of the majority. When facing a decision toRead MoreDuty Ethics Vs. Utilitarianism1441 Words à |à 6 Pages Duty Ethics vs. Utilitarianism The two ethical theories I will discuss are from the works of Jeremy Bentham (utilitarianism), and Immanuel Kant (duty-ethics). These philosophers outlined two different theories of moralphilosophy. Bentham utilitarian theory focus on the moral rightness. His belief is that everyoneshould perform that act which will bring about the greatest amount of good over bad for everyone affected in any given situation. Kantââ¬â¢s theory and my personal preference ofRead MorePro Life And Pro Choice1403 Words à |à 6 Pagesundeniable. These two conflicting views bring about very different arguments that must be considered when talking about abortion as an ethical issue. Part II. A. Jeremy Bentham is a Utilitarianist, meaning that he believes people should act in a way that promotes the greatest good for the greatest number. Consequentialist, like Bentham, focus on the positive or negative affects produced by an action. Benthamââ¬â¢s theory involves using the Principle of Utility to determine if an action is good or badRead MoreWhat Is The Right Thing?997 Words à |à 4 PagesWhat is the right thing to do? This is often a simple yet very challenging question for people to answer. On the topic of lying, is it okay to do it in certain situations and not in others, or should you always tell the truth? There is never one right answer for this question. One of the most common situations presented is this: Imagine you are on a cruise and the captain announces that the ship is sinking and everyone needs to load onto life rafts. The only issue is that there are 11 people andRead MoreUsing Utilitarian Ethicals to Determine Right From Wrong Essay1496 Words à |à 6 Pageswhether or not to continue to sell their transistor to the company and risk the negative connotation and ultimately the loss of shareholders in the company, associated with the deaths that occurred (Shanks, 1996). This analysis will explore the use of Jeremy Benthamââ¬â¢s Utilitarian ethics in the decision making process for that company in this vital time. The Utility test and the Common Good Test will then be applied to this situation and through that decision making process and then compared. This willRead MoreUtilitarian s Vs. Deontologists1593 Words à |à 7 Pagesto further determine what a right action is (Kant 533). He argues, under the formula of the universal law, that a right action is a maxim that could become a universal law and no contradictions would arise (Kant 533). Kant gives an example for why lying is not a right action. He states that there is a man who needs money even though he knows he will not be able to pay it back, his maxim is ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢I will borrow money and promise to pay it back, though I know that this will never be doneââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (Kant 534). KantRead MoreAssiginment 1 Ethical1713 Words à |à 7 Pagesmorally right if consequences of the actions lead to happinessââ¬â¢ (Stuart, 2009). These two important theories will be analyzed and discuss in the relevance to Mikes options, for his situation. Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory; by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill who were the first to develop this theory in detail. It is a consequentialist theory because ethical decisions should be made on the expected consequences of the action weather its right or wrong. The good: things that areRead MoreDeontology And Utilitarianism : Values And Society First Essay1398 Words à |à 6 Pagesconcepts and decisions to frame our lives, giving structure to what we believe is right and wrong. More often than not, these concepts bring argument to what has already been set in stone by tough, controversial philosophers such as Immanuel Kant and Jeremy Bentham due to the nature of the topics and sensitivity they cause. In this essay, I look to discuss the trolley example in relation to deontology and utilitarianism; what each of these concepts tells us about the best way to behave in the example, andRead MoreWho Is The Right Or Wrong?976 Words à |à 4 Pagessake of duty, which is what is considered to be morally correct and just, and the qualification is the motive behind the action, that should not contain self-interest, which is what makes the action moral in itself. On the other hand, we have Jeremy Bentham, a British philosopher and founder of Utilitarianism, asserting, ââ¬Å" Pain and pleasureâ⬠¦ for them alone point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall doâ⬠¦ the standard of right and wrong are fastened to their throne, [being]
Friday, May 15, 2020
Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency ( Access Copyright )...
In the case of The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency (Access Copyright) vs. York University, I believe that the plaintiff, Access Copyright, will not be successful in their lawsuit against the defendant, York University. Access Copyright is a non-profit agency that represents writers and publishers by collecting and distributing royalty fees on their behalf. Although this is a ââ¬Å"non-profitâ⬠organization, Access Copyright does still charge administration fees for their services and enforces a business model that has worked its way into attempting to monopolize their copyright services by making their presence mandatory through seeking to implement a permanent tariff for industries to pay if they are not licensing the rights to copyrighted material through their agency. York University, the defendant, is one of several Canadian Universities that has been operating outside of the Access Copyrightââ¬â¢s temporary tariff since 2011. The wise decision to operate outside of Access Copyright is supported by the Universityââ¬â¢s proven commitment to ensuring that all access to copyrighted materials for studying, teaching, and research purposes are being properly used with the appropriate pay ment to authors and publishers independently. By ensuring that both the authors and publishersââ¬â¢ copyrighted materials are compensated and all royalties are paid directly towards them this cuts out the need for a middleman, which in this case is Access Copyright. On April 8, 2013, Access CopyrightShow MoreRelatedMarketing and E-commerce Business65852 Words à |à 264 PagesReal-Time Marketing on Exchanges continued on back inside cover E -commerce business. technology. society. T e n T H e d i t i o n Kenneth C. Laudon Carol Guercio Traver New York University Azimuth Interactive, Inc. Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sà £o Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editor In Chief:Read MoreInternational Management67196 Words à |à 269 Pagesintentionally left blank International Management Culture, Strategy, and Behavior Eighth Edition Fred Luthans University of Nebraskaââ¬âLincoln Jonathan P. Doh Villanova University INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: CULTURE, STRATEGY, AND BEHAVIOR, EIGHTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright à © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions à © 2009, 2006, and 2003. No partRead MoreElectronic Media vs Print (Thesis Paper)13276 Words à |à 54 PagesElectronic Media VS. Print Where America Gets Its News Table of Contents Abstractâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦3 Introductionâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.......................â⬠¦4 Premise Statementâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦4 Personal Limitationâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.......................â⬠¦5 Methodologyâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦5 Section 1: Birth of Electronic Media and its Popularityâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦6 Radioâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦6 Humble Beginningsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦......6 From Navigation toRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words à |à 463 Pagesaccordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words à |à 960 PagesCompany, Inc.: Selection of an Information Technology Platform CASE STUDY I-2 VoIP2.biz, Inc.: Deciding on the Next Steps for a VoIP Supplier CASE STUDY I-3 The VoIP Adoption at Butler University CASE STUDY I-4 Supporting Mobile Health Clinics: The Childrenââ¬â¢s Health Fund of New York City CASE STUDY I-5 Data Governance at InsuraCorp CASE STUDY I-6 H.H. Greggââ¬â¢s Appliances, Inc.: Deciding on a New Information Technology Platform CASE STUDY I-7 Midsouth Chamber ofRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words à |à 656 Pages The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed., History and September 11th John McMillian and Paul Buhle, eds., The New Left Revisited David M. Scobey, Empire City: The Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts:Read MoreLibrary Management204752 Words à |à 820 PagesRobert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran United States Government Information: Policies and Sources Peter Hernon, Harold C. Relyea, Robert E. Dugan, and Joan F. Cheverie Library Information Systems: From Library Automation to Distributed Information Access Solutions Thomas R. Kochtanek and Joseph R. Matthews The Complete Guide to Acquisitions Management Frances C. Wilkinson and Linda K. Lewis Organization of Information, Second Edition Arlene G. Taylor The School Library Media Manager, Third EditionRead MoreManagement Course: MbaâËâ10 General Management215330 Words à |à 862 PagesMerger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition ReedâËâLajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright à ©2005 by The McGrawâËâHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior writtenRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words à |à 1056 PagesYour WileyPLUS Account Manager Training and implementation support www.wileyplus.com/accountmanager MAKE IT YOURS! Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Tenth Edition David A. DeCenzo Coastal Carolina University Conway, SC Stephen P. Robbins San Diego State University San Diego, CA Tenth Edition Contributor Susan L. Verhulst Des Moines Area Community College Ankeny, IA John Wiley Sons, Inc. Associate Publisher Executive Editor Senior Editoral Assistant Marketing ManagerRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words à |à 846 Pagesintentionally left blank Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the Universityââ¬â¢s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Freedom of Expression is Ensured in India - 1473 Words
In India freedom of expression is ensured by Article 19(1) of the Constitution but is also limited by Article 19(2) which allows the government to place ââ¬Å"reasonable restrictions on this right in the interests of the sovereignty and integrity of India, the security of the state, friendly relations with foreign states, public order, decency or morality, or in relation to contempt of court, defamation or incitement to an offence.â⬠This means that the government can potentially censor anything. No other form of expression has had so many run-ins with these constitutional mandates as cinema. In India the National Cinematograph act (1952) lays down the guidelines to be followed during certification of films. It comes under the National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) which in turn comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. The censor board has to depend on the police to enforce its rulings. A film certification appellate tribunal is also in place to hear appeals against a ruling of the Censor Board. The NFDC is composed of the Directorate of Film festivals and the Film finance corporation. Former Chief Justice M. Hidayatullah, passing judgment on what is still the landmark case on freedom of expression in the cinema that of K. A. Abbas vs Union of India, says: ââ¬Å"It has been almost universally recognised that the treatment of motion pictures must be different from that of other forms of art and expression. This arises from the instant appeal ofShow MoreRelatedMedia s Speech On The Freedom Of Speech And Expression1173 Words à |à 5 Pagesessential task in intensifying awareness in all people about human affairs in a society. The right to freedom in article 19 of the Constitution of India guarantees the freedom of speech and expression, as one of six freedoms. Although article 19 does not expressly provide for freedom of press, the fundamental right of the freedom of press is implied in the right to freedom of speech and expression. The media being in the vocation of gathering and circulating information is supposed to hold dominantRead MoreModernization Theory Of India s Democracy1722 Words à |à 7 Pagessociety will have democratic politics. Although this theory is widely spread it does not seem to account for all cases, such as In dia. Due to the large population of India, the defying factors against modernization theory are not easily overlooked. Many scholars have been analyzing the deviant case for years, trying to find out how they defied the modernization theory. India is considered a deviant case because it only recently began to see notable economic development, and for most of the twentiethRead MoreUniversal Cultural Values Essay1290 Words à |à 6 Pagescherished values of duty, freedom and honor, values shared by many ancient civilizations. While at first glance, western culture as represented in the movie, V for Vendetta, may seem drastically different from those of ancient societies, many underlying philosophical similarities do emerge deep down. Even though modern westerners enjoy enhanced lives due to technology, medicine, and education, they share many similar values and cultural beliefs with the societies of Ancient India, Rome, and China. TheRead MoreApplication Of Rule Of Law Essay1571 Words à |à 7 Pages THEORETICAL APPLICATION OF RULE OF LAW IN INDIA The common law system of justice delivery has been adopted by India which owes its origins to British jurisprudence, the basis of which is the rule of law. According to Dicey, the Englishman does not need any form of written or administrative law to keep cheeks on the governmentbut that the natural law and Rule of Law would be enough to ensure absence of excutive arbitrariness. While India also follows and accepts the concept of natural law, thereRead MoreApplication Of Rule Of Law Essay1583 Words à |à 7 Pages THEORETICAL APPLICATION OF RULE OF LAW IN INDIA The common law system of justice delivery has been adopted by India which owes its origins to British jurisprudence, the basis of which is the rule of law. According to Dicey, the Englishman does not need any form of written or administrative law to keep cheeks on the government but that the natural law and Rule of Law would be enough to ensure absence of excutive arbitrariness. While India also follows and accepts the concept of natural law, thereRead MoreThe Case Of The Tronie Foundation1293 Words à |à 6 Pagesa law, those International Covenants to which India is a signatory may be enforced through the courts so far as they are consistent with the law of the land. These treaties and covenants may also be taken help of in statutory construction. The framers of the Constitution of India incorporated all basic human rights as Fundamental Rights and made special provisions to ensure their enforcement under Article 226 and Article 32. The Constitution of India was drafted after th e Universal Declaration ofRead MoreMahatma Gandhi as a Mass Communicator1660 Words à |à 7 PagesIndian Opinion and published it in English, Tamil and Gujarati, sometimes running the press himself. Young India and Harijan became powerful vehicles of his views on all subjects. He wrote on all subjects. He wrote simply and clearly but forcefully, with passion and burning indignation. One of the objects of a newspaper, he said, is to understand the popular feeling and give expression to it, another is to arouse among the people certain desirable sentiments, and the third is fearlessly to exposeRead MoreThe Ideas And Institutions Of Colonial Modernity3503 Words à |à 15 PagesThe ideas and institutions of colonial modernity were brought to India from outside that is by the agents of European, especially British imperialism. This was in sharp contrast to the primarily or largely internal or indigenous processes through which Europe itself had launched its project of enlightenment and modernity. The claim of monopoly and expertise over modernity was used as justification by the colonial powers to fulfil its imperial ambitions. The colonial rule reflected dichotomies atRead MoreInd ia s Post Colonial Populist Democracy1733 Words à |à 7 Pagesis a micro-ideology in Freedenââ¬â¢s parlance, Moditva can be also described as a peculiar ââ¬Ëmicro-ideologyââ¬â¢. Previously, Hindutva had shown its limitations by not ensuring electoral majority for the BJP in the 1990s. In contrast, Moditva has not only ensured a clear majority for BJP (282 seats) with 10 seats more than the majority mark and over 60% seats for the National Democratic Alliance (336 seats) but has also got a large proportion of votes 31% for BJP and over 38% for NDA. Although, the vote shareRead MoreIslam s Influence On The Middle East And Beyond1711 Words à |à 7 Pages the Islamic Prophet Muhammad established a new ââ¬Å"unified polityâ⬠in the Arabian Peninsula, which under the succeeding Rashidun and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion . ââ¬Å"The resulting empire stretched from the borders of China and India, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, S icily and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyreneesâ⬠. Such expansion of the Islamic state was an understandable development since Muhammad himself had successfully established the new faith through
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
The Shawshank Redemption and Sociology Essay Sample free essay sample
The film ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠is a film about the battle of a adult male named Andy Dufresne. who is a banker in Maine that gets convicted of killing his married woman and her lover. He claimed he was guiltless. but because of his cold and sheltered personality no 1 believed that he was genuinely an guiltless individual. so he was given two life sentences at the Shawshank Prison. A month subsequently Andy approaches another character who they call Red. and Red is the cat you go to in the prison when you need something from the outside universe. Andy wanted a cock to work on his stone aggregations. Red assumed this cock was traveling to be used by Andy to get away. but one time he saw the cock he thought there was no manner it was possible. Andy started working with laundry. but so he attracted the attending of certain cats. We will write a custom essay sample on The Shawshank Redemption and Sociology Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page so he was round and raped daily. Finally he got the occupation of working on the roof with a several other work forces. He over hears the one guard speaking about his revenue enhancements. so he offers to assist him since he was a banker in his former life. Finally he expands the prison library by acquiring the warden to let him to compose letters to the province inquiring for money to finish the undertaking. Finally he gets adequate money that he turn the bantam room into a full sized library. He worked side by side with the character Brooks. who was one of the oldest inmates. He begins learning the other captives because many of them neer received their high school sheepskin and many of them wanted excessively. The one new inmate named Tommy became truly close with Andy and they would state each other many narratives. The one narrative Tommy tells is the narrative about the individual who killed Andyââ¬â¢s married woman and lover. The guards find out that Tommy knows who truly did it. so they killed him and told the other captives that he tried to get away. The one forenoon when they are called to wake up and they step out of their cells Andy is losing. Red subsequently receives a station card in the mail with nil on it and this makes him recognize that Andy made it safely across the boundary line. The whole film discusses the battles that Andy faces while in prison. and shows all th e things he needed to make in order to get away the prison without being shooting. The film is filled with flooring events and demo different types of sociology. The first manner that sociology is shown in the film ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠is how Andy experiences civilization daze. Culture daze in the book is shown as a confusion people may meet when coming in contact with a different civilization. and ââ¬Å"can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted premises about lifeâ⬠( Henslin 37 ) . Traveling from populating a normal mundane life as a banker in Maine. to being forced to populate in a prison would do a sense of freak out because fall ining a prison would be like fall ining a different civilization. He could no longer presume anything because at any point in clip the guards could make up ones mind that they do non wish what he is making and could crush him. Andy had to larn the new societal norms of life inside of the prison. like non inquiring for nutrient or when they will be having nutrient. because if they had asked they learned quickly that they would be punished. and being beaten was the common penalty. Subcultu re is defined as. ââ¬Å"a universe within the larger universe of the dominant cultureâ⬠( Henslin 48 ) . The Shawshank Prison is considered a subculture because the related behaviours of the captives. like slaying. distinguishes the members from the larger civilization that they are usually from. The guards are like the jurisprudence of the outside civilization and the inmates are the normal people. All the members in the prison did something incorrect or were accused of something incorrect. so they were put into the same topographic point. The Shawshank Prison could besides be considered a entire establishment. A entire establishment is defined as. ââ¬Å"a topographic point that is about wholly controlled by those who run it. in which people are cut off from the remainder of society and the society is largely cut off from themâ⬠( Henslin 82 ) . The guards in ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠usage ferociousness to command the captives. The captives are kept inside the walls of Shawshank at all times. or else they could be killed. They have about no connexion with the outside un iverse. except when Red takes advantage of the guards to acquire material to be brought into the edifice. like the posting and the tool that Andy wanted. When people are put in prison it is ever for making something illegal. so the prison guards will set the captives through a debasement ceremonial. The guards will deprive the captives of everything they are used to in the existent universe. When the captives were put into their cells at dark clip they were expected to be quiet. but the dark when the new group of captives arrived one adult male was taking being in prison really hard and maintain weeping and being really loud doing attending to himself. so the prison guards pulled the adult male from his cell and beat him till he died. This adult male was non making what he was expected to make so he was punished. The prison guards took each inmateââ¬â¢s individuality from them and forced them to act how they wanted. The societal norms of life outside ofprison and interior of prison are wholly different. Outside of prison colza is non something that should be expected to go on. but for Andy colza and ferociousness was something that happened daily. so it became a norm for him. It started when he was working with the wash. and a group of cats had their eyes on Andy. so they would ravish him. One twenty-four hours the chief cat making the assault was punished by one of the guards and was paralyzed. so from that twenty-four hours on no more people messed with Andy. When the work forces including Andy were working on the roof a societal norm was broken by the guard received fiscal aid from Andy. Guards neer respected the inmates and Andy was respected at times by the guards. Andy wanted something in return for assisting with their revenue enhancements. He said he wanted beer for all of the work forces working on the roof. and the guards gave them his want. Red felt that Andy did this because it could give them the sense that they were free for merely a short period of clip. When I foremost watched the film ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠I truly enjoyed the film. but now cognizing that it has so many sociology facets to it I truly want to watch it once more at the terminal of the category to see all the different types I can happen. It neer truly came across to me how much sociology is involved with our mundane lives. but now seeing how much is in merely one film is truly interesting to me. The film ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠is a film about the battle of a adult male named Andy Dufresne. who is a banker in Maine that gets convicted of killing his married woman and her lover. He claimed he was guiltless. but because of his cold and sheltered personality no 1 believed that he was genuinely an guiltless individual. so he was given two life sentences at the Shawshank Prison. A month subsequently Andy approaches another character who they call Red. and Red is the cat you go to in the prison when you need something from the outside universe. Andy wanted a cock to work on his stone aggregations. Red assumed this cock was traveling to be used by Andy to get away. but one time he saw the cock he thought there was no manner it was possible. Andy started working with laundry. but so he attracted the attending of certain cats. so he was round and raped daily. Finally he got the occupation of working on the roof with a several other work forces. He over hears the one guard speaking about his revenue enhancements. so he offers to assist him since he was a banker in his former life. Finally he expands the prison library by acquiring the warden to let him to compose letters to the province inquiring for money to finish the undertaking. Finally he gets adequate money that he turn the bantam room into a full sized library. He worked side by side with the character Brooks. who was one of the oldest inmates. He begins learning the other captives because many of them neer received their high school sheepskin and many of them wanted excessively. The one new inmate named Tommy became truly close with Andy and they would state each other many narratives. The one narrative Tommy tells is the narrative about the individual who killed Andyââ¬â¢s married woman and lover. The guards find out that Tommy knows who truly did it. so they killed him and told the other captives that he tried to get away. The one forenoon when they are called to wake up and they step out of their cells Andy is losing. Red subsequently receives a station card in the mail with nil on it and this makes him recognize that Andy made it safely across the boundary line. The whole film discusses the battles that Andy faces while in prison. and shows all th e things he needed to make in order to get away the prison without being shooting. The film is filled with flooring events and demo different types of sociology. The first manner that sociology is shown in the film ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠is how Andy experiences civilization daze. Culture daze in the book is shown as a confusion people may meet when coming in contact with a different civilization. and ââ¬Å"can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted premises about lifeâ⬠( Henslin 37 ) . Traveling from populating a normal mundane life as a banker in Maine. to being forced to populate in a prison would do a sense of freak out because fall ining a prison would be like fall ining a different civilization. He could no longer presume anything because at any point in clip the guards could make up ones mind that they do non wish what he is making and could crush him. Andy had to larn the new societal norms of life inside of the prison. like non inquiring for nutrient or when they will be having nutrient. because if they had asked they learned quickly that they would be punished. and being beaten was the common penalty. Subcultu re is defined as. ââ¬Å"a universe within the larger universe of the dominant cultureâ⬠( Henslin 48 ) . The Shawshank Prison is considered a subculture because the related behaviours of the captives. like slaying. distinguishes the members from the larger civilization that they are usually from. The guards are like the jurisprudence of the outside civilization and the inmates are the normal people. All the members in the prison did something incorrect or were accused of something incorrect. so they were put into the same topographic point. The Shawshank Prison could besides be considered a entire establishment. A entire establishment is defined as. ââ¬Å"a topographic point that is about wholly controlled by those who run it. in which people are cut off from the remainder of society and the society is largely cut off from themâ⬠( Henslin 82 ) . The guards in ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠usage ferociousness to command the captives. The captives are kept inside the walls of Shawshank at all times. or else they could be killed. They have about no connexion with the outside un iverse. except when Red takes advantage of the guards to acquire material to be brought into the edifice. like the posting and the tool that Andy wanted. When people are put in prison it is ever for making something illegal. so the prison guards will set the captives through a debasement ceremonial. The guards will deprive the captives of everything they are used to in the existent universe. When the captives were put into their cells at dark clip they were expected to be quiet. but the dark when the new group of captives arrived one adult male was taking being in prison really hard and maintain weeping and being really loud doing attending to himself. so the prison guards pulled the adult male from his cell and beat him till he died. This adult male was non making what he was expected to make so he was punished. The prison guards took each inmateââ¬â¢s individuality from them and forced them to act how they wanted. The societal norms of life outside of prison and interior of prison are wholly different. Outside of prison colza is non something that should be expected to go on. but for Andy colza and ferociousness was something that happened daily. so it became a norm for him. It started when he was working with the wash. and a group of cats had their eyes on Andy. so they would ravish him. One twenty-four hours the chief cat making the assault was punished by one of the guards and was paralyzed. so from that twenty-four hours on no more people messed with Andy. When the work forces including Andy were working on the roof a societal norm was broken by the guard received fiscal aid from Andy. Guards neer respected the inmates and Andy was respected at times by the guards. Andy wanted something in return for assisting with their revenue enhancements. He said he wanted beer for all of the work forces working on the roof. and the guards gave them his want. Red felt that Andy did this because it coul d give them the sense that they were free for merely a short period of clip. When I foremost watched the film ââ¬Å"Shawshank Redemptionâ⬠I truly enjoyed the film. but now cognizing that it has so many sociology facets to it I truly want to watch it once more at the terminal of the category to see all the different types I can happen. It neer truly came across to me how much sociology is involved with our mundane lives. but now seeing how much is in merely one film is truly interesting to me. Plants Cited Darabont. Frank. dir. Shawshank Redemption. 1994. Film.ââ¬â ââ¬â . dir. Shawshank Redemption. 1994. Film.Henslin. James M. Sociology a down to Earth Approach. 11th erectile dysfunction. N. p. : n. p. . 2010. Print. ââ¬â ââ¬â . Sociology a down to Earth Approach. 11th erectile dysfunction. N. p. : n. p. . 2010. Print.
Monday, April 13, 2020
Technology, Privacy, Accounting, Finance, and Governance Values Analysis
Introduction Nowadays, privacy in the workplace has become a prominent concern for many organizations. The issue of privacy has become a subject of concern as a result of an increased rate of employees monitoring in the workplace. The high rate of electronic monitoring of employees has caused a conflict between the rights of employers to safe guard their business, versus employeesââ¬â¢ privacy.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Technology, Privacy, Accounting, Finance, and Governance Values Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The legal rights of employees as well as rights of the employersââ¬â¢ varies from one state to another which affects the strategies that firms adopt in enforcing the monitoring rights. Nonetheless, most federal and state laws support employees monitoring which has made many firms to adopt employee monitoring systems. Employees monitoring is very controversy as it goes beyond l egal rights to encompass moral obligations of employers and employees which are difficult to differentiate (Hartman DesJardins, 2011). Employers versus Employees Rights Employees monitoring in United States of America was legalized as early as in 1986 with the enacting of Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA). The act allows employers and system administrators to monitor activities in their computer systems. The enacting of ECPA allowed employers to have legal rights to monitor employeeââ¬â¢s activities in the workplace. Generally, an employer is mainly the owner of workstations, phones, servers, software and communication devices that employees use. The employer provides these devices in order to facilitate business operations. Therefore, an employer has an interest to monitor activities on these systems for liability and security reasons. An employer can opt to monitor employeesââ¬â¢ telephone conversations, emails as well as non-personal telephone calls made on busi ness phones without giving prior notice to employees, unless in the State of California where employeesââ¬â¢ monitoring is highly regulated by the government. Whereas the enacting of ECPA protects employers from insecurity and liability associated with illegal use of employers electronic systems such as pirating, fraud or sale of company trade secretes. The act also provides protection for employeesââ¬â¢ privacy. The act does not allow monitoring of employeesââ¬â¢ personal communications that are made over the company systems.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, the act does not allow employers to monitor conversations of their employees that are made though the employeesââ¬â¢ cell phones. Thus, the act is very effective as it tries to safe guide employersââ¬â¢ rights as well as the rights of employees in ensuring that employeesââ¬â¢ personal affairs are not interfered with (Hartman DesJardins, 2011) How Does Technology used at Daimler Affect Employees Privacy Daimler corporate has a very efficient and effective technology that ensures privacy of its employees who use its systems. The company has installed its servers, as well as usersââ¬â¢ workstations with appropriate password and other security measures to safeguard information that is received or transmitted over its systems from unauthorized external access. To enhance the protection of employeesââ¬â¢ privacy, its systems encrypt personal data that is transmitted over public networks. Private and application-related access protection has been installed in order to safe guard personal data in Daimler corporate database. These protection measures have been adopted by the organization as its strategy to ensure safe data management, which controls responsibilities and authorization to safe guard the privacy of employees. How Daimler Protect Employees Personal Inf ormation At Daimler Corporation, it is only its authorized personnel that are allowed to collect process or use personal data. Authorized personnel monitor emails, voice mails and telephone conversations that are transmitted over the companyââ¬â¢s systems, for those employees it suspects to wrongly use the companyââ¬â¢s systems. However, the company does not allow its system administrators to use employeesââ¬â¢ personal data for private purposes, transmission of such data to unauthorized people, or making available of such data to unauthorized persons. Accounting Principles Financial performance of an organization is considered as a significant part of an entity as it is responsible for determining how other departments and processes within the organization are run. In U.S., Organizations are required to abide by the General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) that were enforced in 2002 through the enacting of Sarbanes- Oxley Act (SOX).Advertising We will write a cus tom assessment sample on Technology, Privacy, Accounting, Finance, and Governance Values Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The act requires companies to report specific data in their financial annual reports. In being compliant in honoring SOX act, Daimler Company has been consistent in disclosing its internal controls, audit committee structures as well as codes of ethics and conduct. In order for Daimler to be SOX compliant, its CEOs and CFOs sign an attestation that make them liable for any financial data reported. Signing of this document verifies that its officers have reviewed all financial data reported and verified that it is correct. Signing of this document makes the officers to be responsible for any internal controls that have occurred. This requirement is contained in section 302 of the act (Taylor, 2012). On the othe4 hand, section 204 of the act requires organizations to monitor how overall financial processes a re run. This entails how organizationsââ¬â¢ information systems are run and secured. Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) is the body that helps external auditors decipher if an organization they are auditing is SOX compliant. Those companies that have reported false data are penalized and declared as incompliant. Thus, that is why it is imperative for employers to electronically monitor employeesââ¬â¢ activities to avoid any liability or insecurities as a result of their employeesââ¬â¢ misconduct. Conflict of Interests Many organizations are concerned about conflicts of interests for their corporate board members and executives. Board members should concentrate on the concerns of their companies and not on outside interests. Therefore, board members should not let their personal interests surpass the decisions they make as directors (Murray, 2012). Executive Compensations The Federal law requires clear disclosure about compensations of CEOs, CFOs as well as th ree other high ranking officers. The company should disclose amount and type of compensation given to CEO, CFO as well as three other most highly paid officers. In addition, the company should disclose the criteria it uses to come up with executive compensations as well as the degree of relationship that exist between executive compensation practices versus corporate performance (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, 2012).Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Legal and Ethical Responsibilities of Board Members Board members in Daimler Company are required to abide in honoring the duty of care that requires them to discharge their duties in good faith and in a manner that they believe to be of maximum benefit to the company. They are also required in honoring the duty of royalty. Board members should avoid using their positions or the assets of the company in a manner that will result to their monetary benefits or monetary gains of their family members. Lastly, the board members should honor duty of obedience. Board members ought to make sure that they follow the companyââ¬â¢s governing documents while exercising their powers and duties. They should ensure that the companyââ¬â¢s assets are used lawfully. They should also make sure that they comply with the states laws that dictate how business should be run (Levy, 2012). Areas of Compliance and Improvements Daimler Company is compliant in accounting practices according to SOX, execu tive compensations, Legal and Ethical responsibilities of board members, but the company will require enforcing its management of conflict of interests by adopting a conflict of interest policy and make every director to sign and abide by it. Conclusion Employers should ensure that they monitor electronic activities of employees in order to protect themselves from any liability and security problems associated with illegal use of electronic systems. The employers should ensure that they have a policy that regulates employees monitoring process that all employers are aware of before, even before being hired. The employers should avoid intruding in private matters of their employees, but limit their monitoring to work related issues. Daimler has a very effective internal and external control that effectively manages the various stakeholders who are involved in its business transactions. However, the company requires adopting a conflict of interest policy. Reference List Hartman, L. D esJardins, J. (2011). Business Ethics: Decision Making for Personalà Integrity and Social Responsibility (2nd ed.). New York :McGraw-Hill. Levy, J. (2012). Ethical and Legal Responsibilities of Board Members. Web. Murray, J. (2012). What Should a Conflict of Interest Policy for My Corporate Include? Web. Taylor, C. (2012). SOX Compliance- Regulatiting Accounting Standards. Web. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. (2012). Executive Compensations. Web. This assessment on Technology, Privacy, Accounting, Finance, and Governance Values Analysis was written and submitted by user Shatterstar to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.
Wednesday, March 11, 2020
Fun Facts About the Channel Tunnel
Fun Facts About the Channel Tunnel Theà Channel Tunnelà is an underwater rail tunnel that runs beneath the English Channel, connecting Folkestone, Kent in the United Kingdom to Coquelles, Pas-de-Calais in France. It is more colloquially known as the Chunnel.à The Channel Tunnel officially opened on May 6, 1994. An engineering feat, the Channel Tunnel is an impressive piece of infrastructure. Over 13,000 skilled and unskilled workers were hired to build the Channel Tunnel. Do you know how much a ticket through the tunnel costs? How long are the tunnels? And what does rabies have to do with the history of the Channel Tunnel? Learn how to answer these questions with this list of interesting and fun facts about the tunnel. How Many Tunnels The Channel Tunnel consists of three tunnels: two running tunnels carry the trains and a smaller, middle tunnel is used as a service tunnel. Cost of Fare The cost of tickets to use the Channel Tunnel varies depending on what time of day you go, the day and the size of your vehicle. In 2010, prices for a standard car ranged from à £49 to à £75 (about $78 to $120). You can book travel online. Channel Tunnel Dimensions The Channel Tunnel is 31.35 miles long, with 24 of those miles located under water. However, since there are three tunnels that travel from Great Britain to France, with many small tunnels that connect the three main ones, the total tunnel length is about 95 miles worth of tunnel. It takes a total of 35 minutes to travel across the Channel Tunnel, fromà terminalà to terminal. The running tunnels, the two tunnels on which the trains run, are 24-feet in diameter. The northern running tunnel carries passengers from England to France. The southern running tunnel carries passengers from France to England. Cost of Construction Although at first estimated at $3.6 billion, the Channel Tunnel project came in way over budget at over $15 billion when finished. Rabies One of the biggest fears about the Channel Tunnel was the potential spread of rabies. In addition to worrying about invasions from the European mainland, the British were worried about rabies. Since Great Britain had been rabies-free since 1902, they worried that infected animals could come through the tunnel and reintroduce the disease to the island. A lot of design elements were added to the Channel Tunnel to make sure this could not happen. The Drills Each TBM, or tunnel boring machine, used during construction of the Channel Tunnel was 750 feet long and weighed over 15,000 tons. They could cut through the chalk at a rate of about 15 feet per hour. In total, 11 TBMs were needed to build the Channel Tunnel. The Spoil Spoil was the name used for the chunks of chalk removed by the TBMs while digging the Channel Tunnel. Since millions of cubic feet of chalk would be removed during the project, a place had to be found to deposit all this debris. The British Solution to Spoil After much discussion, the British decided to dump their portion of the spoil into the sea. However, so as not to pollute the English Channel with chalk sediment, a gigantic sea wall made of sheet metal and concrete had to be built to keep the chalk debris contained. Since the chunks of chalk were piled higher than sea level, the resulting land that was created totaled about 73 acres and was eventually called Samphire Hoe. Samphire Hoe was seeded with wildflowers and is now a recreation site. The French Solution to Spoil Unlike the British who were concerned about ruining the nearby Shakespeare Cliff, the French were able to take their portion of the spoil and dump it nearby, creating a new hill that was later landscaped. Fire On November 18, 1996, many peoples fears about the Channel Tunnel came truea fire raged in one of the Channel Tunnels. As a train raced through the southern tunnel, a fire had started on board. The train was forced to stop in the middle of the tunnel, not close to either Britain or France. Smoke filled the corridor and many of the passengers were overwhelmed by the smoke. After 20 minutes, all the passengers were rescued, but the fire continued to rage. The fire managed to do considerable damage to both the train and the tunnel before it was put out. Illegal Immigrants The British were afraid of both invasions and of rabies, but no one had considered that thousands of illegal immigrants would try to use the Channel Tunnel to enter into the United Kingdom. Many additional security devices have had to be installed to try to inhibit and stop this large influx of illegal immigrants.
Monday, February 24, 2020
Circuits with Feedback Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Circuits with Feedback - Assignment Example Derivation of Feedback Equation for Inverting Amplifier Let we consider an inverting amplifier as shown in fig. 2. Then if ââ¬ËA, is the gain then, as vi+ = 0, there fore vo = A(vin+ ââ¬â vinà ¯) vo = - A vinà ¯ Also from Ohmââ¬â¢s Law the current is simply the difference in the voltage across R1 divided R1, i1 = (vin+ ââ¬â vinà ¯)/R1 â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦(5) Similarly, if = ( vià ¯ ââ¬â vo)/Rf â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦(6) By Kerchiefââ¬â¢s current Law at the inverting input, i1 = if + ià ¯ where ià ¯ is the current entering the amplifier at itââ¬â¢s inverting point, yet for an idea amplifier it reaches to zero hence, i1 = if â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ (7) Substituting the values from equations (5) and (6) we have, (vin+ ââ¬â vinà ¯)/R1= (vià ¯ ââ¬â vo)/Rf â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ (8) Or vin+/R1 ââ¬â vinà ¯/R1= vià ¯/Rf ââ¬â vo/Rf Solving for , = â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ (9) This is the required voltage gain expression for inverting amplifier with feedback in terms of open loop gain. Problem 2: Each of the amplifiers shown below incorporate series feedback. The gains, input resistances and output resistances are quoted without feedback. For each amplifier determine: - a) The feedback fraction. b) The gain with feedback. c) The input impedance with feedback. d) The output impedance with feedback. Solution: (i) a) If we consider the given cct. then for feedback fraction ââ¬Ëà ², for given cct. is defined as, ... terms of open-loop gain A. Derivation of Feedback Equation for Inverting Amplifier Let we consider an inverting amplifier as shown in fig. 2 (Bogart, 1997, p. 670). Then if 'A, is the gain then, as vi+ = 0, there fore vo = A(vin+ - vin) vo = - A vin Fig. 2(a) Also from Ohm's Law the current is simply the difference in the voltage across R1 divided R1, i1 = (vin+ - vin)/R1 (5) Similarly, if = ( vi - vo)/Rf (6) By Kerchief's current Law at the inverting input, i1 = if + i where i is the current entering the amplifier at it's inverting point, yet for an idea amplifier it reaches to zero hence, i1 = if (7) Substituting the values from equations (5) and (6) we have, (vin+ - vin)/R1= (vi - vo)/Rf (8) Or vin+/R1 - vin/R1= vi/Rf - vo/Rf Solving for , = (9) This is the required voltage gain expression for inverting amplifier with feedback in terms of open loop gain. Problem 2: Each of the amplifiers shown below incorporate series feedback. The gains, input resistances and output resistances are quoted without feedback. For each amplifier determine: - a) The feedback fraction. b) The gain with feedback. c) The input impedance with feedback. d) The output impedance with feedback. Solution: (i) a) If we consider the given cct. then for feedback fraction ', for given cct. is defined as, = (2ia) Substituting the values in equation (2ia) from given cct. we have, == 0.175 2ia Fig. (2i) (2ib) If 'Avf, be the gain
Saturday, February 8, 2020
International Marketing Strategy of Starbuck in China and In the UK Essay
International Marketing Strategy of Starbuck in China and In the UK - Essay Example This paper will discuss the way Starbuck Corporation in China and UK was created and how it changed over time especially with increased competition in a marketing environment based on cultural differences. More significantly, this study wants to emphasize the strategic thinking about all the factors involved in applying and analyzing the increasingly enthusiastically satisfied customers served by Starbuckââ¬â¢s management unlike its competitors in the international market. More considerably, the main debate on this subject is on the impact faced by Starbuck Corporation in its expansion globally into China and UK based on regulations, international marketing strategy to increase profitability and increased competition. As a remarkable company, Starbucks Coffee Company has grown into a global brand since it was founded in Seattle, the United States, in 1970 and is focused on building increased customer satisfaction as it treats every customer with respect and dignity. As a company, focused on building its market share, profitability and productivity, Starbucks Coffee outlet began in the 1970ââ¬â¢s as a single shop offering high-quality coffee and brewing products. More so, Starbucks Coffee outlet has grown to be the largest roaster internationally with over nineteen thousand stores as it offers the high standard of excellence in all aspects of purchasing, fresh delivery of coffee and roasting as it provides increased customer satisfaction. Over the years, Starbucks has enriched its service in offering roasted coffee sold out to customers its enriched Italian style espresso coffee beverages in all Starbuck stores and branches along with pastries and other coffee-related products. More remarkably, the chain of outlets seeks to give its consumers increased service reliability, high product quality, and management of operations as it seeks to increase its business growth and sustainability. As a result, Starbucks embrace cultural diversity in different regions through its employees who seek to blend with different cultures thus, developing increasingly enthusiastically satisfied customers.
Wednesday, January 29, 2020
The Hazards of Cell Phone Use and Sound Science Essay Example for Free
The Hazards of Cell Phone Use and Sound Science Essay An ecosystem pertains to the living organisms in a particular area of the earth along with the physical aspects of their environment. Between these nonliving and living constituents, there exists a natural interchange of so-called goods and services that make up an ecosystemââ¬â¢s natural capital, and which ultimately defines the sustainability of that ecosystem. In other words, natural capital is like the natureââ¬â¢s stock of goods (like food) and services (like waste disposal) in order to sustain its living constituents (Costanza et al. 1997, p. 254). A more specific example of ecosystem services are the pollination services provided for by the bees, among other insect species, which are important to the flowers, and thus to all organisms whose food requirements have to do with flowering plants, and so on. A certain study found that bees preferred specific flowersââ¬âthat is, tubular flowers, instead of open ones so that the pollination of these kinds of flowers are done primarily by the bees. In other words, bees play an important role in the sustainability of the particular plant speciesââ¬â¢ posterity, as no other pollinator insect species seemed to prefer the same kind of flowers (Public Library of Science, 2006). In the ecosystem, every movement, every input and output of whatever natural constituent is accounted for, and has its consequences. All the more if there is an extra or unwarranted input, such as what is going on in concordance with the advent of technology. We are literally swimming in a sea of electromagnetic radiation brought about by various electronic appliances, most notable of all the portable celphone. It has been speculated that bees are disappearing due to the electromagnetic radiation continuously emitted by these portable phones. But again, this is mere speculation. What is certain, however, is that bees are disappearingââ¬âstudies in Britain and the Netherlands have shown that over the last 25 years approximately, the bee population has been declining, and with it, those of certain flowers (University of Leeds, 2006). But the same studies are inconclusive about the cause for this decline, proposing only possible causes such as changes in the agricultural chemicals being used; the way the land is taken cared of; and also climate changes. Further studies are still being undertaken to prove which is the real cause for this disappearance of bees, but scientists have not pinpointed celphone use as a probable reason. Therefore, the allegations against cellphones lack sound science, and still have to be scientifically tested if this seeming unlikelihood is worth investigating. Certainly, we are enjoying and maximizing the advantages of having celphones. However, it is possible that harmful effects of celphone radiation do exist. A study by Danish epidemiologist and medical scientist has revealed that celphone radiation caused DNA damage among other things (Korvach, 2007). This means that it is possible to breed dysfunctional offspring. Other effects have been found to be linked to brain tumor development, but findings of the study were not enough to lead to this conclusion. However, we are still talking about possibilities. Every scientific observation must be reproducible, or proven by a number of other scientific laboratories before it can be fully accepted and established as a scientific fact. It is possible that the bees are disappearing because of increasing electromagnetic radiation in the surroundings. It is possible that some people have died of brain cancer brought about by celphone use. As of the moment, I however, believe that these possibilities are insubstantial. I do not think that celphones have enough radiation to cause such negative effects. For me, what is likely is that their radiation may add to an individualââ¬â¢s susceptibility to such diseases. What can be done, then, as of the moment since there seems to be a lack of sound science to prove or disprove anything, as I have said earlier, is to be careful, to perhaps minimize the use of celphones and other electronics all at one time, and let the scientists do their work.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Pride and Vanity in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay -- Jane Au
Pride and Vanity in Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice à à à Vanity and pride are different things, though the words are often used synonymously. A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves, vanity to what we would have others think of us. In her novel, Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen makes the point that an excess of pride or vanity is indeed a failing. Pride, observed Mary, . . . is a very common failing, I believe. By all that I have ever read, I am convinced that it is very common indeed, that human nature is particularly prone to it, and that there are very few of us who do not cherish a feeling of self-complacency on the score of some quality or another, real or imaginary. Pride and/or vanity is exhibited in different forms by each character. Those characters who can recognize their flaw emerge as the true heroes of the story. à à à à à In many minor characters of the novel, pride is a common characteristic. Mrs. Bennet, for instance, is extremely proud when it comes to her daughters marriages of mercenary advantage. She is so concerned that her neighbors have a high opinion of her that her own vanity will not even allow her to think of her daughters love and happiness. This is best shown with the case of Elizabeth Bennet's proposed marriage to the esteemed Mr. Collins, a man she did not love. Mrs. Bennet was so upset when her daughter refused Mr. Collins offer that she would not speak to her for passing up such an opportunity. à à à à à We can see an example of pride for imaginary qualities in Mary Bennet who was herself the speaker of this passage. To the embarrassment of her family, Mary would take every chance she could to put on a show whenever in a public sit... ...s a flaw in their respective characters. Darcy realizes that he must check his pride in order to be seen in a good light by others. Elizabeth, the object of his affections, is so turned off by his prideful ways that a touch of vanity enables him to change himself for her. Elizabeth, while observing the transformations of Darcy, realizes that she, too, has been guilty of too much pride. She sees that she was indeed prejudiced and that she must come to terms with the failings of her family. Darcy and Elizabeth are able to overcome their pride which enables them to live happily ever after. Works Cited Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. 1813. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. Johnson, Claudia L. "Pride and Prejudice and the Pursuit of Happiness." Pride and Prejudice. By Jane Austen. Ed. Donald Gray. New York: Norton and Co., 1993. pp. 367-376.
Monday, January 13, 2020
The Ship of Theseus
ABSTRACT: Endurantism and perdurantism are theories that describe how objects can persist through time. These theories will be used in an effort to solve a puzzle that has been dated all the way back to the first century: the Ship of Theseus. It will be determined that the two theories fail in solving the Ship of Theseus puzzle. According to Brian Garrett of Australian National University, metaphysics is concerned with the nature and identity of objects. 1 In order to increase understanding of the identity of objects, puzzles of constitution and identity are used by philosophers.There is a puzzle common in metaphysics: the Ship of Theseus, which was believed to be recorded by Plutarch in the late first century2. It is complex puzzle that consists of three different scenarios. The first scenario depicts a ship being dismantled and then rebuilt. The second scenario portrays the ship being completely remodeled. The third scenario is a mixture of the previous ones that have the ship bein g completely remodeled, but the removed planks are used to construct another ship. In order to solve this puzzle, one must be able to identify which ship is the Ship of Theseus.Philosophical theories can be used to solve philosophical puzzles such as this one and there are two theories that exist that help one understand how objects persist through time: endurantism and perdurantism. According to endurantism, ordinary objects are wholly present at each moment of time at which they exist3. In perdurantism, objects are four dimensional entities that consist of temporal and spatial parts and these objects persist by having different temporal parts at different times4. Once one has knowledge of endurantism and perdurantism, the theories can be used to solve puzzles such as the Ship of Theseus.However, in this paper, it will be shown that the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus cannot be solved using endurantism and perdurantism. This is because attempts made by endurantists and perdurantists result in unintuitive consequences. This will be done first by explaining and assessing endurantism and perdurantism. Then it will be shown that the two theories fail in solving the Ship of Theseus because of problems that are encountered. After that, the Extensionality Principle will be discussed, which is used by perdurantists as a criterion for identity.It will be determined that this principle is also flawed and is also unable to give an account for the identity of objects. Firstly, endurantism is the view that physical objects are three-dimensional and move through time. They are wholly present at each moment of time at which they exist. For example, if a man was born in 1975, attended kindergarten class in 1980, and graduated from high school in 1993, endurantists would claim that this man was wholly present at each of those different times. He will continue to wholly exist in the future as well.Primary motivation for this theory is that it is a more conventional view and is m ore in conjunction with believed upon ideas about the world. For example, when a woman is talking to someone, she believes that she is talking to that person as a complete object, wholly present; as opposed to just a temporal part of an object. The theory of endurantism has been explained. It must be noted, however, that this theory holds that two numerically distinct, but wholly present objects can co-exist for some of the time or at all times.Brian Garrett says that this hinders the authenticity of endurantism because the statement is strange5. Perdurantism does not have this problem. The theory of perdurantism is the view that ordinary objects are four-dimensional and are composed of temporal parts. An object is not wholly present at every possible time at which it exists because only its temporal parts exist. In the previous example, when the man is born, or attends kindergarten, or graduates from high school, the man is not wholly present according to perdurantism.Instead, it i s the manââ¬â¢s temporal parts that existed during those events; the man itself exists as a four-dimensionally extended whole. Primary motivation for perdurantism is that this theory is able to account for change within a physical object because the objects are four-dimensional. On the contrary, endurantism does not have this luxury. Perdurantism is also primarily motivated by how it better accommodates Albert Einsteinââ¬â¢s theory of special relativity. There are problems that arise if both endurantism and special relativity are true. According to Steven D. Hales and Timothy A.Johnson of Bloomsburg University, ââ¬Å"it would be misguided to argueâ⬠for endurantism because special relativistic effects ââ¬Å"are negligible at human speedsâ⬠. 6 The theory of special relativity does not allow for endurantism because of how it requires objects such as humans to move through time at a slower speed than the speed of light. Given that special relativity is a widely accept ed theory, perdurantists have strong motivation to prove their view7. Secondly, even though endurantism and perdurantism help explain the persistence of objects over time, neither view is able to solve the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus.In the Ship of Theseus, there are three different scenarios. In the first scenario, the Ship of Theseus is dismantled and then rebuilt with each plank being returned to its original locationââ¬â weââ¬â¢ll call this ship Y1. In the second scenario, the ship is completely remodeled with an entirely new set of planksââ¬â weââ¬â¢ll call this ship X1. In the third scenario, two ships are involved. The ship from the second scenario (now called ship X) is present, but an entirely different ship that is being constructed out of the planks that had been removed (called ship Y) is also present.In order to solve this puzzle, the Ship of Theseus must be identified. However, flaws in endurantism are shown by how the endurantist must deny that Y1 is e qual to Y. This is done in order to respect the necessity of identity and non-identity which states that if x = y, then necessarily x = y8. However, what this entails is that one could claim that if the removed planks had not been replaced in the third scenario, then ship Y would not have existed and instead ship Y1 would have existed. This means that the existence of ship Y or Y1 entirely depends on whether or not the removed planks were replaced.Brian Garrett refers to this consequence as ââ¬Å"strangeâ⬠because ââ¬Å"we donââ¬â¢t think that the existence of a particular ship (or of anything else in space and time) depends on what happens in a region of the universe which exerts no causal influence on itâ⬠9. This is a flaw for the endurantism theory because it denotes that an objectââ¬â¢s existence is dependent on an event that has no direct influence on it. Furthermore, perdurantism also fails in correctly solving the Ship of Theseus. According to perdurantism, the third scenario involves the presence of two ships prior to the repair of the Ship of Theseus.They are overlapping one another. This represents that the ships have a common temporal segment where they are basically one and the same ship. After the repair, the two ships separate with one being ship X and the other being ship Y. The problem, however, is that one cannot think that there are three possible outcomes anymore. One cannot think that the future of the Ship of Theseus will be the same as that of the ship in the first scenario, the ship in the second scenario, or the ships in the third scenario because each of the ships are distinct from one another.This is a problem, according to Garrett, because people ââ¬Å"could sensibly wonderâ⬠if the future for the Ship of Theseus will be like any of the three scenarios when it is being constructed10. He means that ordinary people should be able to think about the Ship of Theseus and think about what future it might behold. How ever, the theory of perdurantism must deny that three possible futures are available for the ship. As a result, we are left with either believing that people are not able to wonder about the shipââ¬â¢s future (which cannot be true) or perdurantism is unable to solve the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus.Moreover, perdurantism fails in solving the puzzle because of the name: ââ¬ËShip of Theseusââ¬â¢. It has been discussed that the Ship of Theseus has a temporal part where there are two overlapping ships. However, which of the two overlapping ships is the actual Ship of Theseus when the name is being called? This is a problem because both ships cannot be called the Ship of Theseus. Perdurantism cannot account for this confusion. This shows that perdurantism is unable to solve the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus.Overall, the theories of endurantism and perdurantism have been explained and it has been shown that both theories are unable to solve the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus. How ever, there are criterions for identity that exist that could provide a criterion of identification for objects through time. One criterion for identity that will be talked about is the Extensionality Principle; it is used by perdurantists because it is a criterion of identity for four-dimensional objects11. The Extensionality Principle, according to Garrett, states: if x and y are objects with the same proper parts, then x=y.This means that if two different objects have the same properties, then the two objects are the same12. However, there are flaws in the Extensionality Principle that causes it to fail in providing a criterion of identification. According to Lecture notes, in order for objects to be identical, it is not enough for the object to have all the same parts. This is because the parts of identical objects must be related to each other or arranged in a certain order13. Therefore, a problem arises regarding temporal parts of an object. How do the temporal parts have the proper order?As a result of this problem, the Extensionality Principle must be revised. But if it is revised, according to lecture notes, the principle will no longer be an extensional principle14. Furthermore, there is no explanation as to why time would provide the correct order for temporal parts of an object. These problems show that the Extensionality Principle fails in providing a criterion of identification; and this harkens back to how the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus cannot be solved. It has been shown that the puzzle of the Ship of Theseus cannot be solved.This was first determined by explaining the theories of endurantism and perdurantism and revealing the primary motivation for each of them. These theories depict how objects persist through time; yet, the theories cannot be used to correctly solve the Ship of Theseus puzzle. Lastly, the Extensionality Principle was described and it was shown that the principle was unable to solve the Ship of Theseus puzzle. As one can s ee, the Ship of Theseus is a difficult puzzle to solve and it has been around since the late first century. Will there ever be a theory that correctly identifies the Ship of Theseus once and for all?
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Why Students Should Test Ideas Via Active Experimentation
As a firm believer in progressivism, I believe that education should be focused on the whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. I believe students should test ideas via active experimentation. Students should question and explore, not simply receive facts and information from their teacher. ââ¬Å"Learning is rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing the worldâ⬠(oregonstate.edu). I grew up in a worksheet type of classroom, and as a visual learner that suited me just fine. I would play teacher and every imaginary student started their day with a worksheet bell ringer, because thatââ¬â¢s all I knew. Next, we would listen to the teacher lecture or read from the textbook. I learned just fine, so I imagined myâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦He also did not receive free or reduced lunch because his parents never submitted the paperwork, and he had no money for lunch. Luckily his teacher had packed for themselves, one giving him her sandwich, one giving him her grapes and he could take chips from the office. It broke my heart knowing these students experience such awful things so young in life. It was then that I learned the importance of catering to the whole child. Maslowââ¬â¢s Hierarchy of Needs states that primarily a person needs to be physiologically taken care of, and this boy was a prime example. He must be fed before we can switch his brain to focus on academics. He needs to know his teachers care about him, his peers accept him and his presence is important before he can bring his attention solely on learning. In my own classroom, I hope to adhere to this philosophy by creating ongoing projects that allow students to choose how they will demonstrate their learning. This project stimulates the workshop environment and meets many standards. I would also be sure to integrate technology, as itââ¬â¢s important for educators to stay current with educational advancements and technology is such a big part of you ng students lives. Along with ongoing projects, I would reduce homework as best I could. I believe homework is a teacher centered idea, along with grades and test scores, because each are at the control of the teacher, and not the studentââ¬â¢sShow MoreRelatedLearning Styles Essay4126 Words à |à 17 Pagesaffect learning for a student. Incorporated in this I will discuss theories of ââ¬Ëlearning stylesââ¬â¢, comparing and contrasting them and try to identify aspects which can impact upon my practice. I will analyse my own teaching style and that of others to see how the theories can be applied and also assess my own success in meeting the needs of the students. 1.1 Why? The information provided in this assignment will allow me a better understanding of the variety of ways a student can learn. This willRead MoreThe Antibacterial Effect of Papaya Leaves Extract on Staphylococcus Episdermidis7962 Words à |à 32 PagesBIBLIOGRAPHYâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.35 APPENDIX Aâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦37 APPENDIX Bâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦41 APPENDIX Câ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.44 APPENDIX Dâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦....45 CURRICULUM VITAEâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦46 vi TABLES Table1. 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